Skip to content
HES.
Contact Us
Solutions
Clean WaterControl pathogens, biofilm and cost where conventional treatment failsAir & Infection ControlReduce airborne pathogens and infection risk, with no ozoneHand Hygiene & Infection ControlEffective hand hygiene with the alcohol risks removed, where alcohol gel is a liabilityEnergyCut energy and recover it from the systems you already runAgriculture & SoilUse less water and fertiliser while protecting yield and soil
Sectors
Healthcare & HospitalsKeep patients safe and your accreditation secure, with infection, Legionella and AMR risk reducedWater & WastewaterStay in consent, and cut the energy and chemicals it takes to get thereCommercial & FacilitiesMeet your EPC and disclosure obligations while running cost and carbon fallAgriculture & Urban FarmingProtect your yield and soil while using less water and fertiliserPoultry FarmingProve you control the water your birds drink, with biofilm and pathogens cleared and the evidence in handLocal AuthoritiesMove your estate towards net zero with compliant assets, funded to saveEmerging MarketsBuild investable, accreditation-ready infrastructure on reliable water, sanitation and powerHotels, Hospitality & LeisureKeep guests safe and pools open, with Legionella risk controlled and pool-hall cost cutData CentresCut the cost and water your cooling burns, and harden Legionella control, without touching uptimeFood & Beverage ProcessingCut your trade-effluent bill and hold consent, without touching food safety or uptimeMental HealthKeep the ward safe, with a hand-hygiene option that carries no ingestion, fire or ligature riskJustice & CustodyHand hygiene that is safe to issue inside the wing, where alcohol products are restrictedSocial CareProtect residents and carers, with hand hygiene that is safe to use and kind to skinEducationCut infection-driven absence with child-safe hand hygiene, at a defensible cost across the estate
Tools
Ask HESCase StudiesInsightsAbout
Contact Us
Water Hygiene Services

Water hygiene services that keep your whole estate safe and compliant.

Legionella is a duty of care you carry on every building, and the evidence has to stand up. We control the risk at source and prove it.

We deliver water hygiene across your portfolio and the outcome you are accountable for: water systems that are demonstrably under control, contamination cleared rather than masked, and lower water and energy cost on the buildings you already run. Every result is verified independently.

Independently verified: 99.99% of biofilm removed (ASTM E2799), the environment where waterborne pathogens survive.

In short

What are water hygiene services?

Water hygiene services are the risk assessment, monitoring, treatment and record keeping that keep a building's water systems safe and legionella under control, meeting the duty of care set out in the HSE Approved Code of Practice L8. The strongest also clear contamination at source and cut the water and energy cost the systems carry, evidenced independently.

  • Meeting legionella duty of care and the ACoP L8 standard across an estate
  • Keeping a current written risk assessment and a named responsible person in place
  • Monitoring water systems and acting on results before they become incidents
  • Clearing biofilm and resistant pathogens that conventional dosing leaves behind
  • Cutting the water and energy cost the building's water systems carry
  • Evidencing every result to an independent or accredited laboratory
The challenge

The duty of care is yours, the systems keep failing quietly, and the cost climbs

Facilities, estates and compliance teams carry legionella duty of care on every building, on water systems that harbour risk out of sight, while energy and disclosure duties expand underneath.

Legionella control is a legal duty of care. Under the HSE Approved Code of Practice L8 and the HSG274 guidance, the duty holder for each building must assess the risk, appoint a responsible person, put controls in place and keep a current written risk assessment and records. If something goes wrong, the burden falls on you to prove you met that duty.

The risk lives where it is hardest to see. Biofilm, dead legs, stored and heated water and low-use outlets let waterborne pathogens persist between routine checks, and conventional chemical dosing can mask a problem rather than remove it, so the same contamination returns and the records never quite settle.

At the same time the same water systems carry cost. Energy is the largest controllable overhead, commercial buildings waste roughly 25 to 30% of it, and minimum efficiency standards are tightening from EPC E today towards a proposed EPC C by 2027 and EPC B by 2030, with SECR and the new UK Sustainability Reporting Standards from the 2026 financial year demanding the data to back it.

Our approach

Control the risk at source, evidence it, and take cost out at the same time

We improve how the water systems you already run perform, so contamination is cleared rather than masked, the compliance evidence is auditable, and water and energy cost falls, with no capital rebuild and no disruption to occupiers.

Across the estate, water is treated and monitored in place so biofilm is cleared at source and the bioload stays down on routine maintenance rather than rebounding between chemical shocks. That gives the responsible person a system that is genuinely under control, not just dosed, and a record that stands up to scrutiny.

Every result is verified by an independent or accredited laboratory, so the same work that satisfies your legionella duty of care also produces the auditable water and energy evidence your SECR and UK SRS disclosures need. One accountable partner carries it across every building.

What you get

Risk controlled, duty evidenced, cost taken out

Risk

Clear biofilm at source

Remove 99.99% of biofilm in independent testing (ASTM E2799), the environment roughly a thousand times more resistant to disinfection, where waterborne pathogens survive and systems foul, with no toxic chemical residue.

Risk

Eliminate recurring pathogens

Bring recurring waterborne bioload to 0 cfu/g in four days where conventional dosing had failed for years, confirmed by a UKAS-accredited laboratory, and hold it on routine maintenance.

Obligation

Meet your legionella duty of care

Keep each building demonstrably under control against the ACoP L8 standard, with a current written risk assessment, monitoring and records that put the duty holder on the front foot.

Obligation

Evidence it across the estate

Produce the auditable water and energy data your SECR and UK SRS reporting require, measured rather than estimated, from the same work that controls the risk.

Cost

Take cost out of the systems

Cut the water and energy these systems carry, with building energy optimisation delivering 15 to 30% savings and heating, ventilation and cooling the single largest opportunity, measured against your baseline.

Cost

Fewer chemicals, no toxic residue

Reduce reliance on dosing chemistry and the cost and scrutiny that come with it, with effective disinfection and no toxic chemical residue left in the system.

Evidence

Verified in the field, not the brochure

Independently evidenced, never merely claimed.

99.99%Of biofilm removed in independent testing (ASTM E2799), where resistant waterborne pathogens survive
0 cfu/gRecurring waterborne pathogens eliminated in four days, confirmed by a UKAS-accredited laboratory
15 to 30%Building energy reduction through optimisation, heating, ventilation and cooling the single largest opportunity (US DOE, NREL)
Reference sites

Results you can take to an audit

Estate water

A major facility eliminated recurring waterborne pathogens in four days

Bioload fell to 0 cfu/g across every test point after years of failed chemical dosing, confirmed by a UKAS-accredited laboratory, and held on routine maintenance dosing.

Biofilm control

A private estate eliminated biofilm using a fraction of the previous chemical volume

Over a ten-week trial, biofilm and algae were eradicated from the water system with zero Legionella, E. coli or coliforms detected, verified by an independent water-authority laboratory.

Leisure water

Commercial pools reduced sanitiser demand with superior water clarity

Supplemental treatment lowered the reliance on sanitiser chemistry while improving water clarity and swimmer safety, with mineral scaling brought under control.

Compliance

The compliance you carry

The UK environmental and safety duties that commonly reach water hygiene services. Open any one for what it requires, the deadlines, what is at stake, and how to evidence control. Every entry is sourced.

ACoP L8RiskObligationLegionella control in water systems (ACoP L8 and HSG274)
What you must doAppoint a competent Responsible Person, assess the risk in writing, put a control scheme in place, monitor it, and keep records. A court can treat failure to follow the ACoP as evidence of breaking the law.
Applies toAny business with a water system that could create a risk of exposure to Legionella: hot and cold water services, cooling towers, spa pools, calorifiers and more.
When it bitesContinuously, wherever a water system could let Legionella grow and create breathable droplets.
DeadlinesOngoing (continuous duty)
What is at stakeProsecution under the Health and Safety at Work Act with unlimited fines. One spa-pool outbreak that caused three deaths led to a fine of GBP 1,000,000.
How to evidence itA current written risk assessment, up-to-date monitoring and temperature records, and, increasingly, independent laboratory verification that the system is under control.
Legal basisHealth and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (s2 and s3) and COSHH 2002, with the Approved Code of Practice L8 (special legal status) and HSG274. Issued by Health and Safety Executive.
Turn a continuous, personal Legionella duty into a defensible compliance file, with waterborne risk brought under control and independently confirmed.
Cooling towersRiskObligationCostCooling towers and evaporative condensers (HSG274 Part 1 and the 1992 Notification Regulations)
What you must doNotify the local authority of the device, then assess and control the Legionella risk under a written control scheme with monitoring and records.
Applies toOperators of wet cooling towers and evaporative condensers, including many data centres, hospitals, large commercial sites and industrial plant.
When it bitesOn operating any wet cooling system, which must be notified to the local authority and managed to HSG274 Part 1.
DeadlinesOngoing (continuous duty); notify on installation or change
What is at stakeEnforced under the Health and Safety at Work Act with unlimited fines; non-notification is itself an offence.
How to evidence itLocal-authority notification on record, a current risk assessment, treatment and monitoring records, and independent confirmation the system is in control.
Legal basisNotification of Cooling Towers and Evaporative Condensers Regulations 1992, with ACoP L8 and HSG274 Part 1. Issued by Health and Safety Executive / local authority.
Harden cooling-tower Legionella control and cut the water and chemicals it burns, without touching uptime.
PWS 2016ObligationRiskDrinking water quality and private water supplies
What you must doEnsure water is wholesome and meets prescribed standards; permit risk assessment and monitoring and remediate any failure.
Applies toWater undertakers and operators of private supplies such as boreholes and springs serving rural estates, some hotels, farms and isolated facilities.
When it bitesContinuously where premises rely on a private supply; local authorities risk-assess and sample.
DeadlinesOngoing (in force since 27 June 2016)
What is at stakeLocal authorities can serve notices requiring remedial works and, where a supply is a potential danger to health, can restrict or prohibit its use.
How to evidence itCurrent risk assessment, sampling results against the standards, and a record of remedial action.
Legal basisWater Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2016 (SI 2016/614) and the Private Water Supplies (England) Regulations 2016 (SI 2016/618). Issued by Drinking Water Inspectorate / local authorities.
Hold a wholesome, compliant supply at premises off the mains, with treatment that keeps it in standard.
WFD Regs 2017ObligationRiskWater Environment (Water Framework Directive) Regulations 2017
What you must doDo not cause deterioration of water-body status and comply with conditions, derived from River Basin Management Plan objectives, that flow through your permits and licences.
Applies toOperators whose abstraction, discharge or physical works could affect the status of a river, lake or groundwater body.
When it bitesWhen an activity could cause deterioration of water-body status; River Basin Management Plan objectives feed into permit decisions.
DeadlinesOngoing (River Basin Management Plan cycles)
What is at stakeNo standalone penalty in most cases; enforced through the permits and licences that carry the conditions.
How to evidence itPermit and licence compliance records that show no deterioration and that conditions are met.
Legal basisWater Environment (Water Framework Directive) (England and Wales) Regulations 2017 (SI 2017/407). Issued by Environment Agency / Natural Resources Wales / Defra.
Reg 31ObligationRiskRegulation 31: materials and products in contact with drinking water
What you must doUse only approved substances, products and processes in public supplies; manufacturers must obtain Regulation 31 approval before water companies use a product.
Applies toManufacturers, specifiers and contractors using chemicals, products or materials in contact with public drinking water from source to delivery.
When it bitesWhen a substance, product or process is to be used in a public water supply.
DeadlinesOngoing (approval precedes use)
What is at stakeAn approval-and-compliance mechanism overseen by the Drinking Water Inspectorate, enforced through the Water Industry Act 1991 regime for water companies; there is no separate Regulation 31 penalty figure.
How to evidence itEvidence that materials and chemicals specified hold current Regulation 31 approval.
Legal basisRegulation 31 of the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2016 (as amended). Issued by Drinking Water Inspectorate / Secretary of State.
EPR 2016ObligationRiskCostEnvironmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016
What you must doHold the correct permit or registered exemption and operate within its conditions, applying best available techniques where required, with records and reporting.
Applies toOperators of regulated facilities: installations, waste operations, water-discharge and groundwater activities, and certain air-emission activities.
When it bitesBefore carrying on a regulated activity, such as discharging to controlled waters or operating combustion or waste plant.
DeadlinesOngoing (permit precedes the activity)
What is at stakePollution offences carry unlimited fines and up to five years' imprisonment. Civil sanctions include variable monetary penalties, which became unlimited when the previous GBP 250,000 cap was removed in December 2023.
How to evidence itThe correct permit in force, monitoring to its conditions, an environmental management system, and an incident log.
Legal basisEnvironmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016 (SI 2016/1154), as amended. Issued by Environment Agency / Natural Resources Wales / local authorities.
Stay inside permit conditions and reduce the load your processes put to water and air, lowering both risk and cost.
Oil Storage 2001ObligationRiskControl of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations 2001
What you must doKeep oil in robust containers within secondary containment holding at least 110% of the maximum capacity, inspected and maintained to prevent leaks and water pollution.
Applies toAnyone in England storing more than 200 litres of oil, including sites with standby generators, heating oil or bulk storage.
When it bitesOn storing oil above the 200-litre threshold in tanks, drums or mobile bowsers.
DeadlinesOngoing (in force since 1 March 2002)
What is at stakeEnforced by the Environment Agency through remedial notices, civil sanctions and prosecution, with offences punishable by fine.
How to evidence itCompliant bunding, inspection records, and a maintained pollution-prevention plan.
Legal basisControl of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations 2001 (SI 2001/2954). Issued by Environment Agency.
Reservoirs ActObligationRiskReservoirs Act 1975 (reservoir safety)
What you must doRegister the reservoir, appoint qualified panel engineers to inspect and supervise it, maintain and inspect the structure, and hold an on-site emergency flood plan.
Applies toOwners and operators of large raised reservoirs holding more than 25,000 cubic metres above the surrounding land, including estates, farms, industrial sites and water companies.
When it bitesOn constructing, altering or operating a qualifying reservoir.
DeadlinesRegistration within 28 days of the final certificate; ongoing inspection
What is at stakeOffences under the Act, such as failing to register or to appoint engineers, are punishable by fines, with the most serious offences carrying an unlimited fine.
How to evidence itRegistration on record, panel-engineer inspection reports, maintenance records and a current emergency plan.
Legal basisReservoirs Act 1975 and the Reservoirs Act 1975 (Capacity, Registration, Prescribed Forms, etc.) (England) Regulations 2013. Issued by Environment Agency.
ESOSObligationCostEnergy Savings Opportunity Scheme (ESOS)
What you must doAudit total energy use across buildings, processes and transport, identify cost-effective savings, and report compliance, with an action plan and progress updates.
Applies toLarge undertakings that meet the size threshold (broadly large companies and groups).
When it bitesEvery four-year compliance phase, on qualifying organisations.
DeadlinesPhase 4 compliance by 5 December 2027; four-yearly thereafter
What is at stakeCivil penalties from the Environment Agency for failing to comply or report.
How to evidence itA completed ESOS assessment, a board-signed-off report, an action plan, and progress against it.
Legal basisThe Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations 2014 (as amended). Issued by Environment Agency.
Turn the audit you must do anyway into delivered savings, by cutting the energy your water, air and process systems burn.
Heat networksObligationCostHeat networks regulation (Ofgem authorisation) and metering and billing
What you must doHold an Ofgem authorisation, register, and comply with conditions on billing, consumer protection and metering.
Applies toOperators and owners of district and communal heating or cooling networks, including large estates, mixed-use developments, campuses and social housing.
When it bitesOn carrying on a regulated heat-network activity.
DeadlinesAuthorisation conditions in effect from 27 January 2026
What is at stakeEnforced by Ofgem, which can issue compliance and consumer-redress orders, impose financial penalties, and revoke an authorisation.
How to evidence itOfgem authorisation and registration, compliant metering, and billing that meets the conditions.
Legal basisEnergy Act 2023 and the Heat Networks (Market Framework) (Great Britain) Regulations 2025, replacing the Heat Network (Metering and Billing) Regulations 2014. Issued by Ofgem / Gas and Electricity Markets Authority.
MCPDObligationCostMedium Combustion Plant Directive and Specified Generators
What you must doHold the right permit, meet emission limits for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and dust, and monitor and report emissions.
Applies toOperators of medium combustion plant rated 1 to 50 MW thermal, including boilers, engines, CHP and standby or peaking generators.
When it bitesOn operating an in-scope plant, with permitting and emission limits phased by size and age.
DeadlinesExisting plant: 2024 for above 5 MW, 2029 for 1 to 5 MW; new plant before operation
What is at stakeEnforced under the Environmental Permitting Regulations, with unlimited fines and civil sanctions.
How to evidence itThe permit in force, emission monitoring to its limits, and maintenance records.
Legal basisMedium Combustion Plant and Specified Generator provisions of the Environmental Permitting Regulations 2016 (transposing Directive (EU) 2015/2193). Issued by Environment Agency / Natural Resources Wales.
SECR / SRSObligationSECR and UK Sustainability Reporting Standards disclosure
What you must doReport energy use and carbon emissions, with intensity metrics and efficiency actions, moving toward full climate-related financial disclosure.
Applies toLarge companies and LLPs, with broader climate disclosure phasing in.
When it bitesAnnually, in the directors' report and, increasingly, in fuller climate disclosure.
DeadlinesAnnual; UK SRS climate disclosure phasing from FY2026
What is at stakeSits within company reporting law; misstatement and omission carry governance and reputational consequences.
How to evidence itAuditable energy and carbon data, a clear methodology, and a record of the efficiency actions reported.
Legal basisStreamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (Companies regulations) moving to UK Sustainability Reporting Standards based on ISSB. Issued by UK Government / Department for Business and Trade.
Report with confidence and show real reductions, as the cost and carbon of your estate fall.
UK ETSObligationCostUK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS)
What you must doHold a greenhouse gas emissions permit, monitor and report verified emissions each year, and surrender allowances equal to those emissions.
Applies toOperators of installations combusting fuels above 20 MW thermal, energy-intensive industry, aviation, and larger sites with significant standby generation.
When it bitesAnnually, on in-scope installations, to monitor, report and surrender allowances.
DeadlinesAnnual compliance cycle; second allocation period from 2027
What is at stakeCivil penalties under the scheme: an excess emissions penalty of GBP 100 for each allowance not surrendered (uprated for inflation, with the allowances still falling due), a GBP 20,000 fixed penalty plus GBP 1,000 a day for failing to return allowances, and an under-reporting penalty based on the annual carbon price.
How to evidence itA current emissions permit, a verified annual emissions report, and surrendered allowances on record.
Legal basisThe Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme Order 2020 (as amended), under the Climate Change Act 2008. Issued by UK ETS Authority / Environment Agency.
F-gasObligationCostGB F-gas Regulation (fluorinated greenhouse gases)
What you must doCarry out regular leak checks, use certified technicians, keep records, and observe bans on high global-warming-potential refrigerants, including the 2025 bans on certain new air-conditioning and on virgin HFCs for servicing.
Applies toOperators of stationary refrigeration, air-conditioning, heat-pump and fire-protection equipment containing fluorinated gases.
When it bitesOn owning, operating, installing, servicing or disposing of F-gas equipment above charge thresholds.
DeadlinesOngoing leak checks; 2025 refrigerant bans; phase-down continuing
What is at stakeEnforced by the Environment Agency for breaches of leak-check, record and refrigerant rules.
How to evidence itLeak-check records at the right intervals, certified-technician records, and a refrigerant inventory.
Legal basisRetained Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 as it applies in GB, with the Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2015 for enforcement. Issued by Environment Agency / Defra.
MEESObligationCostRiskMinimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) and EPC
What you must doMeet the minimum EPC standard (E now, with C proposed by 2027 and B by 2030 for commercial property); below-standard property can become unlettable.
Applies toLandlords and owners of let commercial and domestic property.
When it bitesOn letting or continuing to let property below the minimum EPC rating.
DeadlinesE now; C by 2027 and B by 2030 (proposed)
What is at stakeLocal-authority penalties for letting sub-standard property, plus the commercial risk of an unlettable asset.
How to evidence itA valid EPC at or above the standard, and a costed plan to reach the proposed tighter ratings.
Legal basisThe Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 and the EPC regime. Issued by UK Government (DESNZ) / local authorities.
Lift buildings to the standard while running cost and carbon fall, protecting the value and lettability of the asset.
Duty of careObligationRiskWaste duty of care, the waste hierarchy and hazardous waste
What you must doStore waste securely, transfer it only to authorised persons with the correct transfer or consignment notes, and apply the waste hierarchy of prevent, reuse, recycle, recover, dispose.
Applies toEffectively every commercial and industrial operator that produces, holds, carries or transfers controlled waste.
When it bitesContinuously, whenever waste is held or transferred; hazardous waste triggers extra duties.
DeadlinesOngoing (continuous duty)
What is at stakeBreach of the duty of care is an offence with an unlimited fine on conviction.
How to evidence itWaste transfer and consignment notes, evidence the carrier and destination are authorised, and a record of how the hierarchy is applied.
Legal basisEnvironmental Protection Act 1990, s34; the Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2011; the Hazardous Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2005. Issued by Environment Agency / Defra.
pEPRObligationCostPackaging Extended Producer Responsibility (pEPR)
What you must doRegister, report packaging data, and, for large producers, pay per-tonne fees covering the full net cost of managing household packaging waste.
Applies toObligated packaging producers above the turnover and tonnage thresholds, including many food, drink, retail and hospitality businesses.
When it bitesWhen a business meets the producer threshold for packaging placed on the UK market.
DeadlinesLive from 2025; first invoices from October 2025; reporting twice yearly for large producers
What is at stakeEnforced by the Environment Agency through civil sanctions and prosecution for failure to register, report or pay; there is no single published penalty figure.
How to evidence itRegistration, accurate packaging data returns, and fee payment on record.
Legal basisThe Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging and Packaging Waste) Regulations 2024, under the Environment Act 2021. Issued by Defra / PackUK.
Simpler RecyclingObligationCostSimpler Recycling (workplace recycling reform, England)
What you must doSeparate food waste, dry mixed recycling and residual waste for collection; food waste cannot go through macerators or enzyme digesters.
Applies toAll workplaces in England, starting with those that have 10 or more employees.
When it bitesFrom 31 March 2025 for workplaces with 10 or more employees, and from 31 March 2027 for micro-firms.
Deadlines31 March 2025 (10 or more employees); 31 March 2027 (micro-firms)
What is at stakeEnforced by the Environment Agency through compliance notices, with failure to comply with a notice an offence; there is no single published penalty figure.
How to evidence itSeparate collection arrangements in place, with waste transfer documentation reflecting the streams.
Legal basisEnvironment Act 2021 waste reforms, implemented through duties on businesses under the Environmental Protection Act 1990. Issued by Defra / Environment Agency.
LAQM / CAZObligationCostLocal air quality management and clean air zones
What you must doLocal authorities assess air quality and run action plans; operators and fleets in charging zones must pay charges or use compliant vehicles.
Applies toLocal authorities hold the primary duty; the regime reaches estates and fleets through clean air zone charges and air quality action plans.
When it bitesWhere pollutant levels exceed national objectives, and where a charging clean air zone applies to non-compliant vehicles.
DeadlinesOngoing (charging zones live in several English cities)
What is at stakeA daily charge for driving a non-compliant vehicle in a charging zone, set by each city, and a penalty charge notice, commonly GBP 120, if the charge is unpaid.
How to evidence itCompliant or charge-paid vehicles, and, for authorities, monitoring and an action-plan record.
Legal basisEnvironment Act 1995 Part IV and the Clean Air Act 1993, strengthened by the Environment Act 2021, with the Clean Air Zone framework. Issued by Local authorities / Defra.
BNGObligationCostBiodiversity Net Gain (10% BNG)
What you must doDeliver a minimum 10% measurable gain in biodiversity through on-site habitat, off-site units or statutory credits, secured and maintained for at least 30 years, with a Biodiversity Gain Plan.
Applies toDevelopers requiring planning permission in England, with limited exemptions for very small and certain householder works.
When it bitesOn most developments: from 12 February 2024 for major sites and 2 April 2024 for small sites.
DeadlinesMajor from 12 February 2024; small from 2 April 2024; 30-year maintenance
What is at stakeEnforced through the planning system: a non-compliant scheme can be refused, and breaches are handled by planning enforcement. There is no separate BNG penalty regime.
How to evidence itA metric-based Biodiversity Gain Plan, secured habitat or purchased units, and a 30-year management and monitoring commitment.
Legal basisEnvironment Act 2021 (Schedule 14, inserting Schedule 7A into the Town and Country Planning Act 1990) and the BNG Regulations 2024. Issued by Natural England / local planning authorities / Defra.
Nutrient neutralityObligationNutrient neutrality in protected catchments
What you must doDemonstrate the development is nutrient-neutral through on-site mitigation, nutrient credits, or a nature-restoration mechanism, before permission can be granted.
Applies toNew housing and overnight-accommodation development in catchments draining to protected habitats in unfavourable condition due to nitrogen or phosphorus.
When it bitesWhen development in an affected catchment could add nutrients to an already-damaged protected site.
DeadlinesOngoing (advice covering numerous catchments since 2019 and 2022)
What is at stakeNot a penalty regime: it is a planning gateway, with permission withheld until neutrality is shown.
How to evidence itA nutrient budget calculation and secured mitigation or credits accepted by the planning authority.
Legal basisConservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017, applied through Natural England advice and the planning system. Issued by Natural England / local planning authorities / Defra.
Check the obligations for your exact activitiesSee the full register and guides
Before you commit

Proven at source, no disruption, fully evidenced

The questions facilities and compliance teams ask first are the right ones: does it actually control the risk, will it disrupt occupiers, and will the evidence stand up to a duty-of-care audit?

On all three the answer is built in. It clears contamination at source on the water systems you already run rather than masking it with dosing, it is delivered in place on occupied buildings with no refit and no disruption to occupiers, and every result is verified by an independent or accredited laboratory so the record holds up to scrutiny. We start with your highest-risk or hardest-to-control building, prove the result, then roll it across the estate.

Every result is verified by an independent or accredited laboratory.
Questions answered
What are water hygiene services?

Water hygiene services are the risk assessment, monitoring, treatment and record keeping that keep a building's water systems safe and legionella under control, meeting the duty of care in the HSE Approved Code of Practice L8. The strongest also clear contamination at source and cut the water and energy cost the systems carry.

What does legionella compliance under ACoP L8 require for buildings?

The ACoP L8 standard requires the duty holder to identify and assess the sources of legionella risk in the water systems, put a written scheme in place to prevent or control that risk, implement and monitor it, keep records, and appoint a responsible person to manage it. Following it is how you demonstrate you have met the legal duty of care.

Who is the duty holder for legionella in a building?

The duty holder is the employer, landlord or person in control of the premises, anyone with health and safety responsibility for the water systems. They must appoint a competent responsible person to manage the controls day to day, but the legal duty of care to keep people safe remains with the duty holder.

How often is a legionella risk assessment required?

A legionella risk assessment must be kept current and reviewed regularly, and whenever there is reason to believe it is no longer valid, for example after changes to the water system, a change in building use or occupancy, or monitoring results that suggest the controls are not working. The monitoring regime itself runs continually alongside it.

How is water hygiene monitored, and what happens when something fails?

The water systems are monitored against the risk assessment, and results are acted on before they become incidents. Where contamination recurs, clearing it at source rather than redosing is what brings the system under control, evidenced to a UKAS-accredited laboratory so the record stands up to an audit.

How do you cut building water and energy cost alongside hygiene?

The same water systems that carry legionella risk carry cost. Optimising them in place delivers building energy savings of 15 to 30%, with heating, ventilation and cooling the single largest opportunity, and reduces reliance on dosing chemistry, measured against your baseline so the saving is reportable for SECR and UK SRS.

Is the evidence independent?

Yes. Every result is verified by an independent or accredited laboratory, including 99.99% biofilm removal in independent testing (ASTM E2799) and recurring pathogens brought to 0 cfu/g confirmed by a UKAS-accredited laboratory. The proof is measured, not claimed, so it holds up to a duty-of-care audit.

Bring us your highest-risk or hardest-to-control building

Tell us the legionella duty, the water-system risk or the cost you are carrying. We will quantify the outcome for that building, in confidence, before you commit.

Request a portfolio review
Speak to the Team

Tell us your challenge

Tell us the cost, the risk or the obligation you are facing. A senior member of our team will respond, in confidence, with how we would help.

Every enquiry is handled in strict confidence.